यह पेज हिंदी में पढ़ें →  ·  हे पेज मराठीत वाचा →

How FPPA (Fuel Surcharge) Is Calculated on Your Electricity Bill

6 min read · Updated 21 July 2026

FPPA (Fuel Surcharge) is a line on your electricity bill that changes every month. It covers the changing costs of coal and gas used to generate your electricity. Sometimes it's an extra charge, and sometimes you actually get a discount! It might also be called FPPCA, FAC, or PPAC depending on where you live.

1. Why is this on my bill?

Think of the fuel surcharge airlines add to a ticket when jet fuel gets costly — FPPA is the same idea for electricity. Your main electricity rates are fixed once a year, but the cost of the coal and gas used to make your power changes every month. FPPA is the small monthly adjustment that covers this gap — up when fuel gets costlier, and down (a discount!) when it gets cheaper.

2. Where to find it on your bill

Look in the charges table, just below the energy and fixed charges. The name varies by state — FPPA, FPPCA, FPPAS, FAC or PPAC — but it is always the same thing:

A sample bill. Notice the order: FPPA is added first, and electricity duty is then charged on the total including FPPA.

3. How it is calculated — two ways

Depending on your state, your electricity company uses one of two methods:

1Per unit

A few paise added (or subtracted) for every unit you used. Common in Maharashtra, MP, Rajasthan and most states.

Example200 units × ₹0.50 = ₹100 extra that month

2Percentage

A small percentage added on top of your main charges. Used in UP (FPPA) and Delhi (PPAC).

Example₹3,525 charges × 5% = ₹176.25 extra that month

4. Three things worth knowing

  • It changes every month or quarter. So don't compare this line with last month's — compare it with your electricity company's officially announced rate.
  • It can be negative. If power was cheap to produce, the line becomes a credit and your bill goes down. A minus sign here is good news, not an error.
  • Tax is charged on it too. As the sample bill above shows, electricity duty is calculated after FPPA is added — so a higher FPPA also nudges your duty up slightly.

5. Check it yourself in 3 steps

  1. Find the FPPA / FPPCA / FAC / PPAC line on your bill (see the sample above).
  2. Look up this month's official rate on your electricity company's website.
  3. Enter your units in our bill calculator — it applies the right method for your state automatically and shows whether your total matches.

Something doesn't add up? Upload your bill to our free expert Bill Review and we'll check the FPPA line for you.

Frequently asked questions

What is FPPA on an electricity bill?
FPPA (Fuel and Power Purchase Adjustment) is a surcharge that passes the difference between the DISCOM’s actual power-purchase cost and the cost assumed in the tariff order through to consumers. It appears as FPPA, FPPCA, FPPAS, FAC or PPAC depending on the state, and is revised monthly or quarterly.
Can FPPA be negative?
Yes. When the DISCOM buys power cheaper than the tariff order assumed — or when an earlier over-recovery is trued up — the adjustment becomes a credit and reduces your bill for that month.
Is FPPA charged before or after electricity duty?
Before. FPPA is added to the energy and fixed charges first, and electricity duty is then calculated as a percentage of that larger base — so a higher FPPA also slightly raises your duty.
Why is my FPPA different from my neighbour’s in another state?
Each state regulator notifies its own mechanism (per-unit or percentage), its own rates and its own revision cycle, and in multi-DISCOM states the rate can differ by DISCOM too — Delhi’s PPAC, for example, is separately approved for BRPL, BYPL and Tata Power-DDL.

Now check your own bill

Reading is half the job — run your own units through your DISCOM's real slab rates, fixed charges and FPPA and get an itemised bill in seconds. Free, no sign-up.

Open the electricity bill calculator →

Related on TheDiscomBill

Electricity bill glossaryEvery charge line on an Indian bill, in plain language

More guides

How to Read Your UPPCL Electricity Bill 6 min read Why Did My Electricity Bill Suddenly Increase? 7 min read Time-of-Day (ToD) Electricity Billing Explained 5 min read How to Reduce Fixed Charges by Right-Sizing Your Sanctioned Load 5 min read Electricity Duty on Your Bill: What It Is and How States Differ 4 min read How to Read Your BSES / Delhi Electricity Bill 6 min read How to Read Your MSEDCL (Mahavitaran) Electricity Bill 6 min read How to Read Your BESCOM Electricity Bill 5 min read How to Read Your TNEB / TANGEDCO Electricity Bill 5 min read Solar Net Metering: How the Savings Actually Work 6 min read Why Did My Sanctioned Load Suddenly Increase? (UPPCL / UP) 5 min read Is Your Smart Meter Running Fast? How to Test It Yourself 6 min read Smart Prepaid Meter: Recharge, Low Balance and Remote Disconnection 5 min read Smart Meter Recharge Failed or Balance Not Updated? What to Do 5 min read How to Check Your Smart Meter Balance (Display, App, SMS) 4 min read Prepaid vs Postpaid Smart Meter: Which Is Better for You? 5 min read How to Calculate MSEDCL FPPCA (Fuel Adjustment) Charges 6 min read Understanding UPPCL Smart Meter Readings 6 min read What Is a Unit of Electricity? kWh Explained with Appliance Math 5 min read Power Factor, kVAh Billing and PF Penalty Explained 6 min read How to Get a New UPPCL Electricity Connection (Jhatpat Portal) 8 min read How to Get a New MSEDCL (Mahavitaran) Electricity Connection Online 8 min read How to Get a New BSES Electricity Connection in Delhi (BRPL / BYPL) 7 min read How to Get a New Tata Power DDL Connection (North Delhi) 7 min read How to Get a New TNEB (TANGEDCO) Electricity Connection Online 8 min read What Charging an EV Really Costs in India: Home Socket vs Public Fast Charger 8 min read PM Surya Ghar Explained: The Rooftop Solar Subsidy, Rupee by Rupee 7 min read How to Get a New BESCOM Electricity Connection Online (Bengaluru) 8 min read How to Get a New KSEB Electricity Connection Online (WSS Portal) 7 min read How to Get a New Electricity Connection in Haryana (DHBVN / UHBVN eConnection) 7 min read How to Get a New WBSEDCL Electricity Connection Online (West Bengal) 7 min read How to Get a New PSPCL Electricity Connection Online (Punjab) 7 min read How Much Does a 1.5 Ton AC Add to Your Electricity Bill? 6 min read Tamil Nadu Electricity Tariff, July 2026: What Changed and What Hasn’t 5 min read How to Read Your TPCODL / Odisha Electricity Bill 6 min read MSEDCL WSS Portal: View & Pay Your Bill on Web Self Service 6 min read

General guidance based on publicly available tariff orders and regulations; specifics vary by state, DISCOM and consumer category. Verify against your DISCOM's official schedule or your printed bill.